Ultrasound Basics: Why It Is The Key To Your Fertility Journey
Expert Insights by By Dr. Prof (Col) Pankaj Talwar, VSM, Md, Phd, Medical Council Registration Number – HMC-HN 16822 | Updated: April 25, 2026
In the world of fertility, an ultrasound is much more than just a picture; it is a vital diagnostic window. It helps us understand your reproductive health and tailor a treatment plan specifically for you.
Why Is Ultrasound Done?
We use high-resolution imaging to identify anything that might be coming in the way of a successful pregnancy:
- Uterus Check: Assessing size, position (Anteverted/Retroverted), and thickness of the endometrial lining.
- Ovary Check: Looking for volume and the number of follicles.
- Pelvic Health: Detecting infections, fluid, or pelvic tuberculosis.
- Detecting Abnormalities: Ruling out diseases in the tubes, ovaries, or pelvis.
How Is It Done? TAS vs. TVS
Depending on your comfort and medical requirement, we use two methods:
Transabdominal Scan (TAS)
This is done with a full bladder over the abdomen. It is usually preferred for patients with vaginismus or when observing very large pelvic masses.
Transvaginal Scan (TVS)
Done with an empty bladder by inserting a small probe gently into the vagina. This is the Gold Standard for fertility as it gives a crystal-clear view of the follicles and lining.
Timing: When Should You Have A Scan?
In fertility treatments, the timing of the scan is crucial. We usually monitor on three specific days of your cycle:
- Day 2 (D2): To check Antral Follicular Count (AFC). A normal count is 5-10 follicles in each ovary. This helps us predict how your body will respond to treatment and rules out old cysts.
- Day 9 (D9): To look for the Endometrial Lining. We look for a “triple-layer” pattern and use color Doppler to ensure healthy blood flow for embryo receptivity.
- Day 21 (D21): To confirm secretory changes in the lining, ensuring the environment is ready for a pregnancy.
Expert Care with Dr. Pankaj Talwar
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