Endometriosis is a condition wherein tissue like the uterine lining (endometrium) grows somewhere else in the body. Pelvic pain is the most common indication of endometriosis, yet a few women with the condition may likewise encounter infertility.

Endometriosis may develop outside of your uterus, ovaries, and tubes and even on your bladder or digestion tracts. This tissue can irritate structures that it contacts, causing pain and adhesions (scar tissue) on these organs.

Symptoms of Endometriosis

Symptoms can vary with some women not having any at all, and others having very severe pain. The most common symptoms are:

• Painful, heavy or irregular periods
• Pain in the lower abdomen, pelvis or lower back around ovulation time, but also throughout the cycle
• Ongoing pelvic pain lasting six months or longer
• Pain during or after sex
• Difficulty getting pregnant
• Painful bowel movements and emptying of bladder

Impact of Endometriosis on Fertility

On the off chance that you have endometriosis, it might be more difficult for you to get pregnant. Up to 30% to 50 % of females with endometriosis may encounter infertility. Endometriosis can impact fertility in different ways: distorted anatomy of the pelvis, adhesions, scarred fallopian tubes, inflammation of the pelvic structures, altered immune system functioning, changes in the hormonal environment of the eggs, impaired implantation of a pregnancy, and altered egg quality.

At the point when endometrial tissue wraps over your ovaries, it can block your eggs from releasing. The tissue can obstruct sperm from making its way up your fallopian tubes. It can likewise prevent a fertilized egg from sliding down your tubes to your uterus.

Treatment of Endometriosis Related Infertility

In case of difficulty getting pregnant with endometriosis you may wish to consult a fertility specialist. Treatment options for endometriosis related infertility include:

• Freezing eggs: Endometriosis can influence your ovarian reserve, so a few specialists may suggest protecting your eggs at present on the off chance that you wish to get pregnant later. This choice can be expensive, and isn’t typically covered by insurance.
• Superovulation and intrauterine insemination (SO-IUI): This is a possibility for women who have normal fallopian tubes, mild endometriosis, and whose partner has good quality sperm.
• A specialist will prescribe fertility medicines, like, Clomiphene. These medicines help to produce a few mature eggs. A specialist may likewise prescribe a progestin injection.
• A woman will routinely go through ultrasounds to guarantee the eggs are at their most matured state. At the point when the eggs are ready, a specialist will embed a partner’s collected sperm.
• In vitro preparation (IVF): This treatment includes extracting an egg from you and sperm from your partner. The egg is then fertilized externally and embedded into the uterus.

The success rates of IVF are 50 percent for women who don’t have endometriosis. But many women with endometriosis have successfully gotten pregnant thanks to IVF treatments. IVF is often recommended for women with moderate to severe endometriosis, or for women whose bodies haven’t responded to other treatments.

Fallopian tube blockage – Fallopian tubes are female reproductive organs that join the ovaries and the uterus. Consistently during ovulation, which happens generally in the middle of a monthly cycle, the fallopian tubes deliver an egg from an ovary to the uterus.

Conception likewise occurs in the fallopian tube. In the event that an egg is fertilized by sperm, it travels through the tube to the uterus for implantation.

In the event that a fallopian tube is blocked, the entry for sperm to get to the eggs, as well as the way back to the uterus for the fertilized egg is obstructed. Common caused behind blocked fallopian tubes include scar tissue, infections, and pelvic adhesions.

Symptoms of Fallopian Tubes Blockage

Most women with tubal blockage are asymptomatic. Frequently they don’t understand their fallopian tubes are obstructed until they consult a doctor for infertility, however women with broad tubal damage may encounter chronic pelvic pain.

Effect on Fertility

Blocked fallopian tubes are a typical reason for infertility. Sperm and egg meet in the fallopian tube for fertilization. An obstructed tube can keep them from joining.

If both tubes are completely blocked, pregnancy without treatment will not be possible. In the event that the fallopian tubes are partially blocked, you can conceivably get pregnant. However, the risk of an ectopic pregnancy is enhanced in that case.

Causes of Fallopian Tube Blockage

The most widely recognized reason for blocked fallopian tubes is Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). PID is the result of sexually transmitted disease, although not all pelvic diseases are related to STDs. Additionally, regardless of whether PID is not, a history of PID or pelvic disease expands the risks of blocked tubes.

Other expected reasons for blocked fallopian tubes include:

• Current or history of an STD infection, specifically Chlamydia or gonorrhea
• History of uterine infection caused by an abortion or miscarriage
• History of a ruptured appendix
• History of abdominal surgery
• Previous ectopic pregnancy
• Prior surgery involving the fallopian tubes, including tubal ligation
• Endometriosis

Diagnosis

There are three key diagnostic tests for blocked fallopian tubes:

• An X-ray test, known as a hysterosalpingogram or HSG: A trained health professional injects a harmless dye into the womb, which should stream into the fallopian tubes. The stain is noticeable on an X-ray. If the liquid doesn’t flow into the fallopian tubes, it may have a blockage.
• An ultrasound test known as a sonohysterogram: This is fundamentally the same as the HSG test yet utilizes sound waves to develop an image of the fallopian tubes.
• A keyhole medical procedure known as a laparoscopy: A surgeon makes a little cut in the body and embeds a small camera to take photos of the fallopian tubes from inside.

Treatment and Surgery

It may be possible to open blocked fallopian tubes surgically. However, this depends on the extent of the scarring and where the blockage is.

Surgery aims to open the fallopian tube using one of the following methods:

• removing scar tissue
• making a new opening on the outside of the fallopian tube
• opening the fallopian tube from the inside

Most surgeons will carry out the procedure using keyhole surgery.